CLAVE 1 / 4$20 million is the new cost for a VLCC to transit the Strait of Hormuz and return, up from pre-war levels.
CLAVE 2 / 4Middle Eastern producers are discounting crude to $50-$60 per barrel, keeping trade profitable despite higher shipping costs.
CLAVE 3 / 4A VLCC carries about 2 million barrels, adding roughly $10 per barrel in freight costs.
CLAVE 4 / 4Iran has blacklisted 45 tankers for violating its rules, risking fines and cargo confiscation.
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